Research breakthrough
Supra line, it is possible already at room temperature
The Meißner-Ochsenfeld-effect the magnet over the superconductor to levitate.
© University of Rochester / J. Adam window / Commons
The superconductivity is considered to be the “Holy Grail” of physics. A Material with no electrical resistance could lead to a Revolution in the electronics. So far, he is a effect only at very low temperatures.
In addition to the super magnets superconductivity is one of the electronics issues that generate the greatest fantasies. What superconductivity actually means? Typically, each conductive fabric has a resistance. When passing he swallows of electricity, which leads to line losses. And this loss is converted into heat. At very low temperatures the resistance is zero, that is, the effect of the superconductivity. For different applications, this effect is already important today. Not alone, in order to save power, often to avoid unwanted heat.
By skillful choice of material, it is now possible to make use of this effect even at temperatures much higher than absolute zero. The cooling means a lot of effort. Of the “power save” can hardly speak, when minus temperatures below minus 140 degrees Celsius to be artificially generated.
Room temperature
A research team led by Ranga Dias of the University of Rochester has managed to make a superconductor that works at room temperature. “Because of the problems of the low temperatures, the materials have not changed with these extraordinary properties in the world quite so, as many have imagined, perhaps,” says Dias. “Our discovery will overcome these barriers and to open the door to many potential applications.
High pressure is necessary
Slides of superconductivity at room temperature is called the “Holy Grail” of physics. “To have a high-temperature superconductor, one needs stronger ties and light elements,” he says. “These are the two basic criteria. Hydrogen is the lightest Material, and the hydrogen bond is one of the strongest.” The Problem here is that Pure hydrogen is only under extreme pressure into a metallic state. So the Team looked for alternative materials, which are rich in hydrogen, the desired superconductors have conductive properties and are metabolized in the lower Pressing metal.
After years of work, a mixture of hydrogen, carbon and sulfur by sat. In a so-called diamond anvil cell, the necessary pressure of at least 39 million Psi is built up. The so produced carbon material containing sulfur hydride shows the ability to superconductivity at 14.5 degrees. “We live in a semi-conductor company, and with this type of technology can lead the company in a supra-senior society, you need things like batteries, never again”, – stated in the research work.
Practical superconductivity would allow for more efficient electricity grids, the electricity, no large resistance losses in transport. So you could be guided at least in theory, electricity from solar energy directly from the Sahara to Europe. Numerous technical applications of high performance magnetic levitation trains and medical technology.
Hover Effect
In the case of magnetic levitation, a further effect of the superconducting-to-Wear, the so-called Meißner-ochsenfeld-effect. An externally applied magnetic field can not or hardly penetrate into the superconducting Material, it is displaced. Practically, this leads to a “Float” of the material. Now the team of researchers is working to change the formulation so that less pressure is necessary. The only way to produce the Material in larger quantities at a reasonable cost. In addition, they hope the temperature limit to be able to continue to push it upwards.
Source: University of Rochester, Nature
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